BloguesParathéâtre

Tony Nardi frappe encore

Il ne fallait pas s'attendre à ce que le comédien torontois Tony Nardi vienne présenter à Montréal sa Letter Three sans porter une attention particulière au discours critique qui l'a suivi. Sans surprise, j'ai reçu cette semaine une longue lettre dans laquelle il s'attaque au critique du Globe & Mail Kelly Nestruck, se désolant que Nestruck ait volontairement ignoré une grande partie du contenu de sa Letter Three et qu'il n'ait pas vu la théâtralité et l'utilité de la violence verbale dans sa performance.

Je me dois de revenir sur cette nouvelle charge de Nardi, entre autres parce qu'il met la parole de Nestruck en opposition avec la mienne pour montrer le fossé culturel qui sépare le Canada anglais du Québec francophone. La différence est minime, toute relative, mais Nardi observe que la capacité de l'artiste et du critique québécois à admettre ses propres faiblesses lui donne une force supplémentaire. Autrement dit, la culture québécoise est sur la bonne voie lorsqu'elle se montre consciente de sa complaisance, de son asservissement culturel, de son manque de rigueur et des incohérences de ses mécanismes de financement (tous des enjeux abordés dans les lettres de Nardi). Certes. Mais, rappelons que ceux qui parlent publiquement et franchement de ces choses-là dans le milieu théâtral se comptent sur les doigts d'une main.

Je dois dire d'emblée que j'entretiens de très bons rapports avec Kelly Nestruck et que j'ignore si l'opposition que  Nardi crée entre nous deux est valable. Je ne lis pas systématiquement les textes de Nestruck, bien que certains de ses papiers sur la scène théâtrale de Chicago m'aient beaucoup intéressé cette année, et je n'oserais pas me prononcer sur la valeur de sa parole critique, n'ayant pas vu la majorité des spectacles qu'il commente. Chaque fois que nous nous sommes rencontrés, j'ai apprécié nos discussions.

Ce que j'aime du combat de Tony Nardi, entre autres, c'est qu'il ne craint pas de remettre en question la parole d'un critique. Vous me direz que je suis en bonne position pour tenir un tel discours; ses foudres m'ont toujours épargné jusqu'à maintenant. Certes. Mais je crois fermement que le théâtre est un lieu de débat, et que la critique devrait l'être aussi. Nardi me donne raison en osant revenir sur les critiques de sa performance montréalaise.

Je vous laisserai lire par vous-mêmes sa nouvelle lettre, mais j'y trouve certaines idées dignes de mention. Par exemple, Nardi avance que si les critiques rédigéaient leurs textes après que les spectacles aient quitté l'affiche, on serait débarassés de l'enflure stylistique et du pouvoir que le critique se donne par là sur le succès public de la pièce. Cela forcerait les critiques à parler davantage du contenu et à pousser l'analyse un peu plus loin. Belle manière de dire que les critiques sont contaminés par le ton promotionnel qu'on voudrait bien leur imposer et qu'ils deviennent de plus en plus adeptes de la phrase creuse, qu'elle soit enthousiaste ou non. Ce n'est pas complètement faux. Nardi dit aussi que «l'incapacité de Nestruck à distinguer la réalité de la métaphore est liée au fait que les Canadiens Anglais ont du mal avec les métaphores, les paradoxes et n'arrivent qu'à comprendre le premier niveau.» C'est dit un peu crûment, mais je serais très intéressé à lire un approfondissement de cette pensée-là.

Là où je n'adhère pas à la démarche de Nardi, c'est lorsqu'il cherche une contradiction dans le fait que Nestruck ne tolère pas la violence verbale au théâtre mais qu'il s'en délecterait dans des séries télé comme The Sopranos. Pour affirmer une telle chose, Nardi se fie au profil facebook de Kelly Nestruck. Disons que l'argument aurait été plus percutant si Nardi avait trouvé un exemple dans la véritable parole critique de Nestruck. Peut-on vraiment remettre en doute le travail d'un critique en glanant furtivement des informations personnelles sur lui sur son profil Facebook ? Ça me semble un peu malhonnête, et très peu convaincant.

Bon, voilà, je vous laisse lire le texte de Tony Nardi. Mais jetez d'abord un œil à la critique de Kelly Nestruck en cliquant ici.

A tale of two nations … and, well, the usual!

In reading J. Kelly Nestruck's' "review" in the Gobe and Mail and contrasting it with what actually took place in Montreal at the FTA presentations, as I experienced it, not to mention the two pieces written by Philippe Couture in Voir  (one before and one after the presentations), the question I am left with is the one I asked myself over 30 years ago, when I left Montreal in search of more vibrant English-language theatre community and tripped on Toronto – without meaning to. 

How will this country, the people and artists inhabiting both sides of the two solitudes, ever make sense of – or live with – such radically different views of theatre (its purpose) and approaches to life and art?

It's not what Nestruck said that offends (should offend) theatre artists or discerning theatre lovers but what he missed in Letter Three or chose to ignore (including the Q & A moderated by Québec author/actor Robert Lalonde).

It's not only the absence of "what?"; the long list of missing "why's" is the problem.

Nestruck's criticism is not new. Similar knee-jerk vomit was launched at me like machine-gun fire before I could finish a first draft of Letter One in 2006.  It actually helped me shape and articulate Letter One way better than I could have done alone sitting in front of a computer (though there was a lot of that, too). 

If Nestruck could see (or read) Letter One he might think I wrote it after reading his "review" and based one of the ghosts on him, on what he said. Truth is, Letter One was written four years ago and the ghost in question was based on a fear-infested middle-aged actor who believed actors should not have a voice and that expressing is tantamount to signing a death sentence (Nestruck's ‘suicide-bombing' remark belongs to the same category of fear and disease). Letter Three takes issue with that middle-aged actor's concepts of "freedom of expression" and "support" and argues that the failure with our funding arts organizations, the failure of funding (support) for the arts, ultimately stems from the fear gripping (and spread by) too many artists. Period. That fear often shapes our work and informs arts funding agencies on what constitutes – and qualifies as – theatre (art). If artists take their cues from the arts funding agencies it's because the arts funding agencies take their cues first and foremost (from day one) from the artists creating the work and (presently) see no need to update their criteria. The arts funding bureaucracy reflects the cultural reality; the cultural reality looks for nourishment and guidance from the arts funding bureaucracy that mirrors its sickness. Fantastic! Let's not forget, theatre artists sit on most arts funding councils juries. Also, arts funding bureaucracies are often composed of ex theatre practitioners who (understandably) choose to abandon their artistic dreams and way of life in favour of three meals a day. Who can blame them when culture barely shows up on most Canadians' relevant radar screen?

I do not exist outside the problem, but am part of, and contribute to, the problem. There is no "us vs. them", as Letters One, Two & Three state over and over again. And though (two years ago) a journalist I highly respect criticized (perhaps rightfully so) Letter Three for overstating a point with too many examples, it seems that Nestruck didn't have enough, and needs help identifying templates. Or perhaps he was too busy reflecting on how he would write his piece on the one I was still in the midst of delivering.

Robert Lalonde understands templates and addressed the issues head on during the Q & A, as did Douglas Campbell last year when he moderated Letter Two at Espace Libre.  Both, keep in mind, were first exposed to the Letters the night they moderated the Q & A. But, just as the Gazette's so-called theatre critic (Pat Donnelly) ignored Campbell's substantive and thought-provoking comments in her "review" of Letter Two, Nestruck chose to totally dismiss Robert Lalonde's input as moderator at the FTA presentation of Letter Three. Doesn't even mention him.  Who the hell is Lalonde? – said Nestruck to himself (an opinion no doubt shared by his higher ups at the Globe and Mail).

Letter Three's "bile, profanity, violence, righteous and hateful diatribe" apparently (and noticeably) offended Nestruck's "cheery" sensibility (and tea-party prescription for Canadian theatre).  And the conscious or unconscious dots he attempts to connect for the reader may qualify him as a Norman Douglas reincarnation, and not for the quality of his pen but for his cultural bias and tribal drum beating.  For having 'violently' interrupted his drawing-room siesta (night) at the theatre, Nestruck knee-jerks a parting coup de grace and praises the arts councils that "refused funding" to the Letters in recent years. 

Wait.

To show how offended he (generally) is by "near-violent performance" Nestruck lists "The Sopranos" as one of his favourite TV shows on his Facebook page (presumably for its non-violent, therapeutic, low-key, almost healing dialogue, its educational and culturally relevant – cheery – content, its Father Knows Best characters, and for making fun of a tribe and 'reality' he – thankfully – can't call his own. He enjoys laughing along after e-mailing in another 'thought-provoking review'. It's relaxing. Hell, anyone trying to "blow up" HIS Canadian Theatre is violent and suicidal; people blowing each other up, torturing, and executing major characters routinely, beating up, physically humiliating wives, girlfriends and everyone in between, where the brutality in season 3 apparently reached extreme levels even by "Sopranos" standards and had many people who had previously liked the show tuning off, well, that's just good wholesome fun, Canadian style, beer in hand – and a burp for good measure!

Nestruck is not offended by violence, profanity and bile; he simply wants to choose who's on the receiving end – and be able to view it, like a peep show.  And – as long as it's set anywhere south of the 49th parallel. Free speech is relevant, it seems, only when those defending it are not in the line of fire and everyone's finger is pointed in the other direction.

Robert Lalonde addressed the use of "violent" language in Letter Three and its theatrical (and social) function – generally connecting it to other examples throughout history – without my ever having discussed – or raised – the subject with him. But let's be clear: Robert Lalonde, in addition to being a well-known and very respected Québecois actor, novelist and playwright is also a translator and professor of dramatic art. I may be wrong, but I believe Lalonde teaches – or recently taught – at Nestruck's alma mater (McGill). In fact, he taught theatre at a number of schools in and around Montreal. For someone who apparently "keeps an eye on what's going on in theatre across Canada and around the world" Nestruck seems to be oblivious to what's going on in his own backyard. That's McGill in Montreal and that's English Montreal in Québec. The Anglo-centric world Nestruck bathed in at McGill followed him to the Globe and Mail. Aren't we lucky!

For someone so interested in connecting the dots for others, the theatre Nestruck cocktails in the Globe & Mail and the history he apparently studied at McGill are so disconnected as to be alien to each other. The "bile and profanity" is between the dots he can't connect. Too many to list.

Of the four Globe and Mail journalists that have seen or commented on the Letters over the last couple of years, Nestruck is the youngest and the "oldest", and the only one in diapers, and not on account of his age. He's a throwback to bowties and writing by the pond in cream-colored clothes with matching two-tone shoes, right out of a Fitzgerald novel, with an anger expressed not in public or at anyone, but at himself, unleashed in silence, internally, on his organs. That's what his writing reveals.  And more.

He's so out of touch with present-day Toronto, he actually believes I wrote Letter Three. If he cared to venture outside the cloistered walls of his "gated" community, whatever that is, he would see that the Letter wrote itself. A majority of the characters he believes I painted are based on real, living examples. I merely quoted them. In fact, some even attended Letter Three in Toronto. Most are Italian-Canadian. I have great respect for their ability to take the heat.  

Nestruck, on the other hand, in the tradition of the person that previously held his post at the Globe, manifests an obsession with licking his (self-inflicted) wounds. To be fair, his predecessor did it in private (by not responding to my letter – the initial Letter Two – and to my invitation to moderate and debate the issues I raised in that Letter).  Nestruck believes the Globe readership should feel blessed for being subjected to his emotional and reactionary reporting, issues I believe should be reserved for therapy and that don't qualify as theatre criticism – least of all in Canada's national newspaper. 

As a paying member of the audience Nestruck is free to pick and choose, comment or not comment on what he likes or dislikes, or leave the theatre if and when he's bored (I explicitly offer people that option in Letter Two). Or sit and stew in his seat if he wants to. As he did. As a journalist/critic, however, Nestruck has a duty that extends beyond any responsibility we would expect/demand from any paying, regular audience member, even a discriminating one. 

Letter Three is not only a post-mortem of the first two letters; it's a documentary ‘play'. I take responsibility for committing the words to paper.  But a good number of those words came from the mouths of real life characters I came into contact with when producing and presenting Two Letters.  If anything, Nestruck should have blamed Tony, the actor, for failing to do justice to those characters, as written. To blame the writer (for essentially quoting bureaucrats, journalists and business types – including self-made 'moguls' within the Italian community) is to be totally out of touch with one's larger community.

That Nestruck can't believe those characters actually exist in the city he calls home is a big part of the problem and what disqualifies him from reporting on just about anything to do with Canadian culture.  What he means by Canada and what I mean by it are two very different realities.

Nestruck's ‘review' proves, once more, that the two critics I took issue with in Letter Two were not the exception, but the rule.  What I said to them applies to him. It's a chronic condition. The exception, I am told by people in Québec, is Philippe Couture (even in Québec).  The 'exceptions' in English Canada know who they are. Nestruck's pen gives evidence to a refrain present in the three letters: that we set the bar very below in English Canada. Too low. In hell's basement. The awesome talent notwithstanding.

That in all three Letters I point the finger primarily at the actor and his/her perceived role in the process of theatre is something else Nestruck missed in Letter Three.

A theatre critic's best friend and worst enemy, however, is not the actor, but those working at box office in every theatre in the country. Artistic Directors are a close second. The theatre critic is a cultural pimp with an overinflated sense of the power he/she has over numbers and figures. I agree with Robin Philips who stated (I believe awhile ago) that theatre critics should release their reviews after the run of a play.  Once you partly remove the pimping element in the theatre critic's pen, and the overinflated sense of power that comes with that, you leave (oblige) him/her to commenting on content and the art form, on making articulate, well researched and thought out arguments in favour or against the content and art form.

Nestruck inability to distinguish reality from metaphor, and his unease with contradictions,  proves that my (Italian Government civil servant) friend was correct when, upon seeing Letter One and reactions to it, stated that Canadians have great difficulty living with metaphors and paradoxes and can only deal with the literal. F. Scott Fitzgerald would agree.

As for Nestruck's point that Letter Three is a non-play I leave it to Philippe Couture's writing to respond on my behalf: "Ceux qui ne voient pas de théâtre dans la série de lettres qu'il lit, ou plutôt qu'il performe depuis plusieurs mois entre Toronto et Montréal doivent être sourds ou aveugles."

I don't need to patronize and insult Philppe Couture by thanking him for stating the obvious. I want to thank him – and the Franco-Québecois that attended the Letters – for something else, for taking the lead, for repeating a relevant refrain (publicly – and in writing), and being able to live with and acknowledge a contradiction without going crazy…  that though the cultural situation in French Québec (including theatre) is often depicted as being better than in English Canada it's essentially no different … and that French Québec should not sit and rely on that "relative" difference.

This ability to be accountable (and take the heat) ironically partly explains why French Québec is culturally more vibrant than English-Canada and why the ‘relative' difference is paradoxically not so relative.

Since it may appear convenient for me to use one critic's words against another, I will use Nestruck's own words against any assertion he may have that he's a qualified theatre critic.

"In a Q&A afterward, he (Nardi) seemed calmer, more interested in discussion. If his intention is to provoke, it works – I had to restrain myself from heckling or walking out."

The actual Letter, J. Kelly Nestruck, was an act of theatre; the discussion was not. Even a number of young, recently graduated (French-Québecois) theatre students on the second night could see that.

Nestruck is, sadly, and perhaps appropriately, the perfect poster boy for English-Canada's ivory-soap-commercial theatre culture.  He didn't land from outer space. He's a product of his environment.

English-Canada's national newspaper presently has the theatre critic it deserves until it decides it deserves another one. But the artists in English-Canada have to demand more from themselves and each other before demanding anything from anyone else. And the audience has to demand more from its artists. More than forty years of packed houses at the Maple Leaf Gardens and Air Canada Centre has not given Toronto great hockey or a championship. Mediocrity, regrets and what could have been. And that's it. 

Tony Nardi